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THE PROBLEM CHILD: AN EMPIRICAL SURVEY AND RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF
CHILD POVERTY IN THE UNITED STATES

Peter M. Cicchino

5 J.L. & Pol'y 5 (1996)

Political conservatives are engaged in a continuing onslaught to weaken the social safety net in the belief that either (a) the poor are to be blamed for their own poverty or (b) that poverty stems from the failure of the welfare state. This agenda is manifested in the policy prescriptions of the Republican majority in the 104th Congress aimed at eliminating health, safety and environmental regulations; expanding military expenditures; restricting reproductive rights; and imposing longer sentences for persons convicted of criminal offense. It is also punctuated by a commitment to capitalism, deregulation of the economy, privatization of public services and an exaltation of the individual as economic and political agent. By using an empirical and rhetorical analyses of child poverty, the author points out that the conservative position fails to adequately explain and respond to the phenomena of child poverty.

Child poverty eludes conservative theories about poverty primarily because children are incapable of taking care of themselves. Consequently, the typical conservative response is to hold parents responsible for the predicament of their children and to blame government for its misguided intervention. However, a close examination of the empirical evidence that conservatives use to support their position reveals that the data are nonexistent or that such data are more the consequence of poverty rather than its cause. Reflecting the progressive position of the author, it is suggested that an economy which fails to provide decent jobs at decent wages and a system of poor relief that provides too little too late, are the significant source of the problem of poverty. Therefore, the continuing effort to reduce or terminate benefits to the poor, along with a blind belief in the perfection of the capitalist market, impairs rather than improve the plight of poor children.